The duration of nuclear marginality can be estimated by time. For example it is assumed that nuclear power is an optimal duration of marginal nuclear 30%. Stated a different way this park is to lower demand and potential supply up 30% of the time. Production capacity is sufficient then. The 70% of the time remaining consistent with the use of other techniques to compensate for the lack Production of electricity by nuclear power. The interest here is that 70% of time sufficient to cover fixed costs (fixed as capacity "nuclear" are then not used) of nuclear power during the period of optimal marginality of other production techniques. This means that heat determines the marginal cost price sufficient to repay the fixed costs. We can then distinguish two types of annuities.
The first is the scarcity rent and corresponds to a situation where nuclear power is not the optimum duration marginality of nuclear power can then be lower or higher than the optimal length. This may be permanent or temporary if the adjustment between supply and demand requires a certain period. We offer two cases.
example higher fossil fuel prices will raise the offer. In period t, demand will decrease and thus the duration of marginality of nuclear power will increase. Offer does not fit, the duration of marginality remains the same at time t-1. In addition producers do not adjust their production process to fluctuations application which enables them to reach a so-called additional pension on retirement.
Another example, if demand increases while the duration of marginality nuclear power will decrease (production capacity not enough). If nuclear capacity remains unchanged then the scarcity rent is the length of marginality means additional heat (which replaces the time difference between the nuclear period t-1 and t ...).
To generalize results in a scarcity rent when the duration of marginality of nuclear is less than the optimal duration of marginal nuclear.
The second is that existing annuity monopoly or oligopoly. If the duration of marginality nuclear corresponds to a price above its marginal cost (due to weak competition) then it is in this second situation.
However, we can have a scarcity rents and monopoly rents. The changes in demand may increase or decrease the duration of optimal marginality of nuclear power. Depending on the degree of competition established in the market, prices may be higher marginal cost. The most difficult situation (or even extreme!) For consumers is an increase of fossil fuels before a period of marginality constant over all periods accompanied by a premium price above marginal cost.
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